The history of episodic memory

The term ‘episodic memory’ first entered the psychological literature in a 1972 book chapter by Endel Tulving (Tulving, 1972). The language used in that chapter, in which episodic memory is described as storing “information about temporally dated episodes or events, and temporal-spatial relations among these events” (Tulving 1972, p. 385),  is remarkably different from that used in Tulving’s later work (such as, e.g., Tulving, 1985, 2002; Wheeler, Stuss, & Tulving, 1997), which characterizes episodic memory in terms of such notions as ‘autonoetic consciousness’ and ‘mental time travel’. On some views, this is taken to indicate that Tulving has changed his mind as to what episodic memory is, which also raises the question as to what the correct definition of episodic memory should be. I offer some suggestions on both issues.

Christoph Hoerl is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Warwick (UK)

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